Magnesium Review

Magnesium Review

DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION

No digestion required
Several influences on absorption

• Enhancement
• Vit D
• Protein
• Carbs
• Fructose
• Oligosaccharides
• Inhibitors
• Phytic acid
• Fiber
• Excessive unabsorbed fatty acids
• Interactions
• Ca
• Ph
• K

ABSORPTION

Active transport

- Brush border transporter (TRPM6)

- Basolateral membrane pumps (ATP-ase pumps)

Paracellular diffusion

- important when intake large

TRANSPORT. STORAGE, EXCRETION

Transported as free Mg, protein bound, or complexed to negative ions (LIKE Ca)

- not regulated, adjusted by intestinal absorption, renal excretion, release from bone

Bone is primary storage

Excretion in urine, feces sweat

FUNCTIONS and MECHANISM

Structural roles in bone, cell membrane, DNA

Important in over 300 enzyme reactions:

• ATP formation and stabilization
• Carbohydrate and fat metabolism
• Protein and nucleic acid synthesis
• Ion transport across cell membranes
• Nerve and muscle function
• Cyclic AMP formation
• Insulin function

DEFICIENCY - 50% Americans deficient

- CAD

- HTN, CVA

ASSESSMENT

- RBC Mg

Ca supplement not balanced by Mg leads to problems with CAD and DM